Schöffer had worked as a scribe in Paris and is believed to have designed some of the first typefaces. After returning to England, he set up a press in Westminster Abbey, where he worked as a printer for the monarchy until his death in 1491. In 1455 Gutenberg completed his 42-line Bible, known as the Gutenberg Bible. Copies sold for 30 florins each,[23] which was roughly three years' wages for an average clerk. Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (/ ˈ ɡ uː t ən b ɜːr ɡ /; c. 1400 – February 3, 1468) was a German goldsmith, inventor, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe with the introduction of mechanical movable type printing press. Gutenberg synonyms, Gutenberg pronunciation, Gutenberg translation, English dictionary definition of Gutenberg. The Diamond Sutra was created with a method known as block printing, which utilized panels of hand-carved wood blocks in reverse. There are 21 complete copies of the Gutenberg Bible, and four complete copies of the vellum version. Gutenberg was long thought to have also invented the punch-matrix system of casting metal type (in which a character engraved on one end of a hard metal rod, the punch, was used to strike an impression into a softer metal plate, the matrix, into which molten metal was poured to form any number of virtually identical pieces of type). Newspapers appeared all across Europe, formalizing the printing press’ contribution to the growth of literacy, education, and the far-reaching availability of uniform information for ordinary people. Asian Americans were the prevalent minority, constituting 6.8% of top 10% income earners, nearly twice the percentage of Asian Americans among the general population. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johannes-Gutenberg, British Library - Biography of Johannes Gutenberg, The Catholic Encyclopedia - Biography of Johann Gutenberg, Medieval Life and Times - Biography of Johannes Gutenberg, Johannes Gutenberg - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Johannes Gutenberg - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). In 1501, Pope Alexander VI promised excommunication for anyone who printed manuscripts without the church’s approval. Gutenberg died in 1468 and was buried in the Franciscan church at Mainz, his contributions largely unknown. Within two years of seizing Gutenberg’s press, he produced an acclaimed version of The Book of Psalms that featured a three-color title page and varying types within the book. It was exported to Europe and, coincidentally, documented many Chinese inventions that have been traditionally attributed to Europeans.
Steinberg. Two operas based on Gutenberg are G, Being the Confession and Last Testament of Johannes Gensfleisch, also known as Gutenberg, Master Printer, formerly of Strasbourg and Mainz, from 2001 with music by Gavin Bryars;[39] and La Nuit de Gutenberg, with music by Philippe Manoury, premiered in 2011 in Strasbourg.
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