Thorough. . It is important to recognize that globalization is not a zero-sum game--it is not necessary for some countries to lose in order that others may gain. You can use all the money you want for all the years you want; you will not solve the problem, because you are dealing with a symptom. But there are also risks to globalization. All Rights Reserved, This is a BETA experience. ", © 2020 Forbes Media LLC. This underscores the importance of flexible and well-informed policy-making, of solid, well-governed institutions, and of transparency in governance. Just click the "Edit page" button at the bottom of the page or learn more in the Plot Summary submission guide. macroeconomic stability, embodied in low inflation, appropriate real exchange rates and a prudent fiscal stance, is essential for expanding domestic activity, and is a precondition for benefiting from and sustaining private capital flows; openness, in the resolute pursuit of policies to rationalize and liberalize the exchange and trade regimes, is vital in international competition. . Written with a measured tone and in plain, simple language, it would be a mistake to underestimate the book’s validity and sheer intellectual power.”—African Business (London) “Wangari Maathai has been a champion of the environment, of women, of Africa, and of anyone concerned about our future security.”—Kofi Annan “Exposes the most obstinate ‘bottlenecks to development,’ proposing ingenious initiatives aimed at overcoming a legacy of colonialism, an unforgiving global economy—and, most intractably, a mentality of dependency.

. Who benefits and who loses?

Explore Billionaires . We studied those economies that have made the most economic progress in recent years, and have profited the most from recent trends. In The Challenge For Africa (Pantheon Books), Wangari Maathai offers a powerful and compelling look at the problems facing Africa and the promises of the future. What is now critical is the perception of markets that economic policy formulation and implementation is consistent and predictable. But, as I pointed out earlier, it is essential to achieve the right combination of policies. [It] should be placed at every African seat of learning, and should become prescribed reading for every African politician.”—Cape Times (South Africa) “As one of the women leaders that are changing Africa she is an inspiration to us all.”—British Prime Minister Gordon Brown  “A wide-ranging study of Africa’s current predicament and a no-nonsense, tightly argued proposal of the way forward for the continent. The external current account deficit has fallen from an average of 15 1/2 percent of GDP in 1992 to about Sovereign African countries barely existed when the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, three years after the end of World War II. More importantly, no one set of policies is a sufficient condition for success--indeed, experience shows that poor policies in one area can obstruct progress, even if policies in other areas are good. Globalization is first and foremost a result of the expansion, diversification and deepening of trade and financial links between countries, especially over the last ten years. I see five main areas where African countries need to achieve greater progress in order to speed up their participation in globalization: The challenge for the future will be to ensure that these regional organizations are perceived as effective vehicles for the integration of African countries into the world economy, providing mutual support to their members in their reform efforts. 9 percent projected for this year, while the overall fiscal deficit has been cut from almost 12 percent of GDP to 6 percent over the same period. Too often these challenges are portrayed by the media in extreme terms connoting poverty, dependence, and desperation. . Soukaina Writer,traveler and third culture kid, who loves talking about culture, youth empowerment and entrepreneurship. By Wangari Maathai December 12, 2004. A penetrating assessment of the corrosive legacy of Africa’s history on its inhabitants, and the failure of most contemporary African leaders to rise to innumerable challenges. Not surprisingly, these elements are generally central to the policy dialogue between the International Monetary Fund and its members. Rather, governments must fully embrace globalization in awareness of its potential risks, and seek to provide adequate protection for the vulnerable segments of society during the process of change. And the regional organizations should seek to push through reforms in the areas of the legal and regulatory frameworks, financial sector restructuring, labor and investment code reform, and exchange and trade liberalization that seek to reach international standards as quickly as possible. Consequently, more than at any time previously, individual countries in all parts of the world are liberalizing their exchange and trade regimes in the conviction that this is indeed the best approach for growth and development. This does not mean, however, that countries should seek to isolate themselves from globalization. "I can't say, ‘Let us deal with governance this time, and don't worry about the resources.' "Even though it is the women who provide the drive for planting trees—partly because it is they who suffer when the environment is destroyed, it is also they who work in the field—once we are in the community, we will have to deal with the women, deal with the men, deal with the children, deal with the livestock, deal with everything," said Maathai. The extent of the trend toward integration is clearly reflected in the rising importance of world trade and capital flows in the world economy. On the other hand, the movement of labor across national boundaries has in many cases lessened production bottlenecks, raising the supply response of recipient economies, and increasing income in the supplying countries through worker remittances. Oct 19, 2010 ", Land, Politics, and Ethnicity: An Explosive Combination. While globalization raises the rewards of good policy, it also accentuates the costs of poor policy. The rapid increase in capital and private investment flows has raised the resources available to countries able to attract them, and accelerated the pace of their development beyond what they could otherwise have achieved. "Unless you deal with the cause, you are wasting your time. And finally, fiscal reform is gaining ground--African countries are taking firm steps to rationalize their tax systems, to reduce exemptions, and to enhance administrative efficiency. Maathai’s idea, that Africans must look back first, is audacious and noble.”—The Irish Times “Wangari Maathai is the rare leader who knows how to create independence, not dependence.” —Gloria Steinem “Maathai’s writing is as clear as an African sky. Too often these challenges are portrayed by the media in extreme terms connoting poverty, dependence, and desperation. . Maathai discussed her new book, The Challenge for Africa, with Environmental Change and Security Program Director Geoff Dabelko. | In fact, this topic is a central theme of the most recent edition of the IMF's World Economic Outlook. Deputy Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund The report of the World Health Organization’s expert Commission argues that women’s health is the foundation for social and economic development in the African Region. at the Southern Africa Economic Summit

Nine The Crisis of National Identity Ten Embracing the Micro-nations Eleven Land Ownership: Whose Land Is It, Anyway? A Stolen Season, or a Glimpse of a Cleaner Future?

I hope the world will support her vision of hope.”—Nelson Mandela “The Challenge for Africa reads like an African version of The Audacity of Hope by Barack Obama. Editor's Picks: Science Fiction & Fantasy, The Treasury of Knowledge: Books Two, Three, and Four, The Heart Treasure of the Enlightened Ones, Death, Intermediate State, and Rebirth in Tibetan Buddhism, Discover Book Picks from the CEO of Penguin Random House US. The troubles of Africa today are severe and wide-ranging © 2020 International Monetary Fund. The title offers a robust assessment of that programme and raises critical questions for its future.

Read more, The Africa Program works to address the most critical issues facing Africa and U.S.-Africa relations, build mutually beneficial U.S.–Africa relations, and enhance knowledge and understanding about Africa in the United States. Now, it is more a question of the market perception of the orientation and predictability of economic policy.

New Sea Law Could Revolutionize Protections in Brazil's Coastal Areas, Governance is Essential to Manage the Risks of Solar Radiation Modification, 21st Century Diplomacy: Foreign Policy is Climate Policy Full Report, Video: 21st Century Diplomacy: Foreign Policy is Climate Policy. Countries with a poor or inconsistent policy record will inevitably find themselves passed by, both from expanding trade and from private capital flows for development. It looks like we don't have a Synopsis for this title yet. The government must also implement policies that eliminate the structural weaknesses that would be exposed by the heightened international competition. The process of restructuring and privatizing state enterprises has been underway for some time in most countries, though with varying speed and degrees of success. (The summary programme of the workshop and seminar is attached).

"If you don't, then, therefore, ensure that the resources within the country are equitably distributed, and you encourage these prejudgments that communities have against each other, you're going to have conflict," she said. I saw that it was very, very important to use the tree-planting as an entry point," explained Maathai. Our work touches lives around the world every day – often in invisible ways. Harare, May 21, 1997. "Even though that's how we started, it very quickly became clear to me that these are symptoms, and therefore we needed to get to the causes.

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