Februar 2019 von Marc Szeglat. Barren Island is an island located in the Andaman Sea.It is the only confirmed active volcano in South Asia, and the only active volcano along a chain of volcanoes from Sumatra to Myanmar. Volcano Profile |  The MODVOLC algorithm for MODIS thermal anomalies registered elevated temperatures during the late September to mid-November 2018 period, then on a few isolated dates in January 2019 (figure 31). Eruptions in January-March 2017 and September 2018-January 2019 produce ash plumes, lava fountaining, and lava flows, Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, Eruptions, Earthquakes & Emissions Application. These images coincide with Sentinel-2 thermal data showing a lava flow on the SSW flank. Weekly Report (13 March-19 March 2019). The caldera, which is open to the sea on the west, was created during a major explosive eruption in the late Pleistocene that produced pyroclastic-flow and -surge deposits. Historical eruptions have changed the morphology of the pyroclastic cone in the center of the caldera, and lava flows that fill much of the caldera floor have reached the sea along the western coast. 2 (February 2019) ), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 30 January-5 February 2019. A video taken on 27 October shows explosions ejecting incandescent material and small plumes. Report on Barren Island (India) (Krippner, J.B., and Venzke, E., eds.). Barren Island (India) Eruptions in January-March 2017 and September 2018-January 2019 produce ash plumes, lava fountaining, and lava flows. 44, no. Darwin VAAC advisories noted ash plumes to about 0.9 km altitude on 1 November and 26 January 2019. Managing Editor: Edward Venzke. Report on Barren Island (India). Barren Island volcano ist der einzige aktive Vulkan Indiens. Complete Bulletin. Recent intermittent eruptions observed since 1991 have consisted of explosions, ash plumes, and lava flows. Die 3 km durchmessende Insel liegt im indischen Ozean und gehört zum Archipel der Andamanen. Along with the lack of activity detected in satellite data, there were no reports of activity after 24 March 2017 until September 2018. Volcano Profile |  ), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 13 March-19 March 2019. Data is reported through the last data update (17 September 2020). This report summarizes activity from January 2017 through January 2019 and is based on satellite data and observations. Global Volcanism Program, 2019. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey. The caldera, which is open to the sea on the west, was created during a major explosive eruption in the late Pleistocene that produced pyroclastic-flow and -surge deposits. Report on Barren Island (India). There were 73 confirmed eruptions at some point during 2019 from 70 different volcanoes; 27 of those were new eruptions that started during the year. Barren Island, a possession of India in the Andaman Sea about 135 km NE of Port Blair in the Andaman Islands, is the only historically active volcano along the N-S volcanic arc extending between Sumatra and Burma (Myanmar). The new eruption was first observed on 23 January 2017, when a research cruise was working nearby. Current Science, 113(9): 1657-1659. During January-March 2017 there were frequent thermal anomalies detected by the Suomi NPP/VIIRS sensor, then again during late September to mid-November 2018 (see figure 29). It is the emergent summit of a volcano that rises from a depth of about 2250 m. The small, uninhabited 3-km-wide island contains a roughly 2-km-wide caldera with walls 250-350 m high. They observed intermittent explosions ejecting incandescent material and small ash plumes (figure 36). The anomalies with greater thermal energy in September-October 2018 correspond to lava flows on different flanks of the cone, as shown in Sentinel-2 thermal and visible satellite data (figures 32 and 33). There were 47 people on the island at the time. Smithsonian / US Geological Survey Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 30 January-5 February 2019

The Indian Coast Guard also witnessed the eruption before 25 February, capturing a night-vision video of an explosion that produced an ash plume and ejected incandescent blocks above the crater that impacted the flanks of the volcano (figure 35). Based on analysis of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 26 January ash plumes from Barren Island rose to an altitude of 0.9 km (3,000 ft) a.s.l. There are intermittent low-energy anomalies detected by MIROVA between these two periods but there are no indications of thermal anomalies in other datasets. Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, 44:2. On 9 March 2017 a group from the Physical Research Laboratory in Ahmedabad observed the eruption and published a report in Current Science (Ray et al., 2017). Activity consisted of ash plumes that rose a few hundred meters above the crater and the ejection of incandescent material every 10-15 minutes, with blocks and bombs rolling down the flanks of the cone.
It is the emergent summit of a volcano that rises from a depth of about 2250 m. The small, uninhabited 3-km-wide island contains a roughly 2-km-wide caldera with walls 250-350 m high. The team noted ash plumes during the day and incandescent material being ejected onto the slopes at night. Barren Island, a possession of India in the Andaman Sea about 135 km NE of Port Blair in the Andaman Islands, is the only historically active volcano along the N-S volcanic arc extending between Sumatra and Burma (Myanmar). https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN201902-260010. Global Volcanism Program, 2019. Dies zeigen die neusten Sentinel-Satellitenfotos. Later in the month, an ash plume was observed on 24 March (figure 37). They observed four hours of activity before leaving the area. Zudem registriert MIROVA eine thermische Strahlung in Höhe von 53 MW. Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, Eruptions, Earthquakes & Emissions Application, Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC).

Reference: Ray, D., Shukla, A.D., Ray, J.S., 2017. Historical eruptions have changed the morphology of the pyroclastic cone in the center of the caldera, and lava flows that fill much of the caldera floor have reached the sea along the western coast. The volcanic island Whakaari / White Island in New Zealand's northeastern Bay of Plenty region explosively erupted on 9 December 2019 at 14:11 NZDT (01:11 UTC).

These times coincide with the highest frequency of thermal anomalies detected by the MIROVA algorithm (figure 30).

While the first indications of a new eruptive in thermal data is on 24 September, the first observations on the 18 and 19 October show lava fountaining at the summit and a lava flow on the flank (figures 38, 39, and 40). Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey. A stop date with "(continuing)" indicates that the eruption was considered to be ongoing as of the date indicated. Barren Island, a possession of India in the Andaman Sea about 135 km NE of Port Blair in the Andaman Islands, is the only historically active volcano along the N-S volcanic arc extending between Sumatra and Burma (Myanmar).
Global Volcanism Program, 2019. Governor, Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Facebook URL: https://www.facebook.com/jagdishmukhi/posts/1504497106227132); Samrat Kalita (Instagram URL: https://www.instagram.com/nibir_samrat/). Geologic Background. Der Inselvulkan Barren Island eruptiert strombolianisch. The eruption could be linked with the recent earthquake that rocked Indonesia. Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, vol. Barren Island is a remote volcano east of India in the Andaman islands. Barren Island recent eruption: India’s only active volcano — the Barren Island volcano (Stratovolcano) — in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is again spewing lava and ash. In: Sennert, S K (ed. Weekly Report (30 January-5 February 2019). Barren Island is a remote volcano east of India in the Andaman islands. An overflight on 23 February 2017 was undertaken to assess the volcanic activity after several reports of activity over the previous days. Managing Editor: Sally Kuhn Sennert. Smithsonian Institution. In: Sennert, S K (ed. Two main periods of eruptive activity are apparent (figure 29): the first in January-March 2017, and the second in September 2018-January 2019. About Barren Island: The barren island has been estimated to be 1.8 million old. Edited by Janine B. Krippner. Based on analysis of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 14 and 16 March ash plumes from Barren Island rose to altitudes of 0.9 km (3,000 ft) and 1.2 km (4,000 ft) a.s.l., respectively, and drifted W and SW. Geologic Background.

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