Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Later, she traveled back to Russia with his army. Peter had shortly before divorced his first wife, Eudoxia Lopukhina, who was sent off to a convent. Of course, there is no truth to this rumor. Paul became czar but soon proved to be just as erratic and unpopular as Catherine had feared. In 1726 an alliance with Austria formed the cornerstone of Russian diplomacy for decades to come. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. After her death on November 17, 1796, her enemies at court began spreading various rumors about Catherine’s final days. Peter III abdicated and was assassinated eight days later. Since her coup d’etat and Peter’s suspicious death demanded both discretion and stability in her dealings with other nations, she continued to preserve friendly relations with Prussia, Russia’s old enemy, as well as with the country’s traditional allies, France and Austria. Peter originally planned to give the throne to his wife, Catherine, but after quarrelling with her, he ripped up the will, and thus when he died at the beginning of 1725, no official heir had been named. The unmarried and childless Elizabeth had chosen her nephew Peter as heir and was now in search of his bride. "Catherine I, Her Court and Courtiers." Catherine I is buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral next to her husband. When Peter died (Feb. 8 [Jan. 28], 1725) without naming an heir, Catherine’s candidacy for the throne was supported by the guards and by several powerful and important individuals. Though her enemies would have hoped for a scandalous end, the simple truth is that Catherine suffered a stroke and died quietly in her bed the following day. Today Catherine is a source of national pride for many Russians. Devoted to much pleasure and luxury and greatly desirous of giving her court the brilliancy of a European court, Elizabeth prepared the way for Catherine. In these undertakings, at least, she proved herself to be a good administrator and could claim that the blood and sweat of the people had not been wasted. She remained illiterate throughout her life as no effort was made to teach her to read and write. https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/catherine-i-of-russia-8416.php, Famous Role Models You Would Like To Meet. Sophie Friederike Auguste, Prinzessin (princess) von Anhalt-Zerbst, was the daughter of an obscure German prince, Christian August von Anhalt-Zerbst, but she was related through her mother to the dukes of Holstein. After she assumed the throne, Catherine, fearful of retribution for Peter III’s deposing and death, kept Paul far away from affairs of state, further alienating the boy.

In September 1762, she was crowned with great ceremony in Moscow, the ancient capital of the tsars, and began a reign that was to span 34 years as empress of Russia under the title of Catherine II. Under her reign, Russia was revitalised; it grew larger and stronger, and was recognised as one of the great powers of Europe. On July 9, just six months after becoming czar, Peter abdicated, and Catherine was proclaimed sole ruler. HUGHES, LINDSEY "Catherine I In 1744 Catherine arrived in Russia, assumed the title of Grand Duchess Catherine Alekseyevna, and married her young cousin the following year. Despite Catherine’s personal weaknesses, she was above all a ruler. Being Catherine the Great’s lover came with huge rewards. Get our help and advice choosing services and options to plan a prefect train journey. The wedding of Peter the Great and Catherine I on 19 February 1712, Catherine I in front of the Catherine Palace in St. Petersburg, Portrait of Alexander Danilovich Menshikov, Portrait of Field-Marshal Count Boris Sheremetev. 4. (1672–1725), known as Peter the Great, tsar and emperor of Russia, 1682–1725.

Even her attempts at governmental reforms were often bogged down by Russia’s vast bureaucracy. Omissions? Elizabeth, empress of Russia, detail of a portrait by an unknown artist, 18th century; in the collection of Mrs. Merriweather Post, Hillwood, Washington, D.C. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Catherine’s relationship with Peter was one based on mutual love and respect. She did, however, suffer a stroke in the toilet (meaning bathroom) and died the next day, on November 6 (November 17, New Style), 1796. Catherine, by contrast, was clearheaded and ambitious. The Horse Myth .

The guards and prominent personalities of Russia supported Catherine to be their next ruler. Before her accession to power, Catherine had planned to emancipate the serfs, on whom the economy of Russia, which was 95 percent agricultural, was based. First, a terrible plague broke out in Moscow; along with the hardships imposed by the war, it created a climate of disaffection and popular agitation. Catherine the Great was Tsarina of Russia, one of the most powerful women in European history. Catherine and Peter had eleven children together, the majority of whom died in early childhood, and only Anna, who married the Duke of Holstein, and Elizabeth, who was crowned Empress in 1741, survived to adulthood. Her attempts at reform, however, were less than satisfying. Marta lived the life of a lowly servant in Marienburg. Son of Tsarevich Alexis Petrovich and Princess Charlotte of Wolfenbüttel, and gran…, Son of Tsarevich Alexis Petrovich and Princess Charlotte of Wolfenbüttel, and grandson of Peter I, the future Peter II had an unfortunate start in li…, Catherine Frederica of Wurttemberg (1821–1898), Catherine de Médicis 1519–1589 French Queen and Regent, Catherine Cookson's The Black Velvet Gown, Catherine II (The Great), Empress of Russia, Catherine of Aragon 1485–1536 Queen of England, Catherine of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel (1488–1563), https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/catherine-i. Catherine’s reign was marked by vast territorial expansion, which greatly added to Russia’s coffers but did little to alleviate the suffering of her people. HUGHES, LINDSEY "Catherine I 1. He was extremely neurotic, rebellious, obstinate, perhaps impotent, nearly alcoholic, and, most seriously, a fanatical worshipper of Frederick II of Prussia, the foe of the empress Elizabeth.

If Russia's foreign policy attempted to follow the guidelines set by Peter the Great by turning to the west and by increasing its influence in Europe (the battle for the unification of Schleswig and Holstein and the placement of a Russian puppet on the Courland throne), then in domestic policy, many of Peter's reforms were stalled or corrupted.

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